Cooperative Learning and Knowledge Sharing Amidst Learners' Heterogeneity in Online and Distance e-Learning
Jaine Cadoc-Reyes
University of the Philippines at Los Baños
and Faculty of Management and Development Studies, University of the Philippines Open University
A challenge in open and distance learning is the simulation of face-to-face interaction among learners in group work, considering the heterogeneity of learners in terms of age, educational background, professional occupation, and geographical location, besides personalities. The conversion of an academic management program from a mixed-mode to a fully online offering was one of the reasons to develop innovations in the teaching-learning methodology that would approximate knowledge sharing and cooperative learning derived from intensive, lived-in group internship in selected organizations. This paper aims to: a) describe the transition from face-to-face group work to fully online activity utilizing different methodologies such as role playing, subject sampler, WebQuest, among others; b) discuss the initial difficulties and group dynamics in knowledge sharing among learners with heterogeneous backgrounds using a cooperative learning approach in online and distance mode; and c) synthesize the responses and suggestions of online and distance learners in polishing the cooperative learning approach. The paper also documents the experiences in the online and distance teaching-learning process in two R&D management courses using the cooperative learning approach in different semesters the courses were offered. It also discusses the demands for both teacher and learner which have bearing on: a) monitoring the group exchanges in the virtual classroom discussion forum and off-course portal chat session; and b) individual and group performance assessment in the group activity, including participative performance assessment, factoring in the learners’ self- and group evaluation.